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Wednesday, July 31, 2013

Heritage of Tea in India

     India, as the world’s largest consumer of tea uses nearly 30 per cent of the global output. India is also the second largest producer of tea. Despite the production, India is also the largest exporter of tea after China.The consumption of tea in India was first clearly documented in the Ramayana (750-500 BC) says that tea was perhaps better known as “Soma” in Indian mythology.
      The cultivation and brewing of tea in India has a long history. Commercial production of tea in India begins with the arrival of the British East India Company, at which point large tracts of land were converted for mass tea production. The widespread popularity of tea as a recreational drink begins in the 1950s, after a successful advertising campaign by the India Tea Board.Assam tea comes from the North Eastern section of the country.It was in Assam that the first tea estate was established, in 1837.

Tea in India
 By and large, tea drinkers in India drink milk tea. There are many other popular variations depending on regional and cultural affiliations.
Tea stalls in India
The now well known Masala Chai, Kadak Chai (typically a feature of the mountain community of North India, this is a very strongly brewed tea, almost to the point of bitterness), Malai Mar Ke Chai (where a generous dollop of full fat added to tea).
  The cultivation and brewing of tea in India has a long history.Outside the home, tea is most commonly and easily found at the ubiquitous tea stalls that present in every street in India. The tea stall has become a part of the urban landscape and a cultural institution.
Kettles used to serve tea
Unlike the British cup of tea, tea in India is not served in a set where the leaves are steeped separately.
  Typically, tea in India is consumed with both milk and sugar but the tea leaves are not prepared separately by being steeped. Instead, the tea leaves are boiled along with additions and then boiled again after the addition of milk and sugar. Sometimes the tea leaves themselves are used as flavouring. In many parts of the country, the most special tea is one where the tea leaves are boiled solely in milk.
 India is also the world's largest tea-drinking nation. However, the per capita consumption of tea in India remains a modest 750 grams per person every year due to the large population base and high
Eco-friendly cups used
chhass(A milk product) consumption.Indian tea is very healthy, especially during the winter as it contains natural immunizers such as ginger, cardamom, etc. Indian tea is very very different from the various kinds of tea that are taken in rest parts of the world.
 
Medicinal use of Tea
The cultivation and brewing of tea in India has a long history of applications in traditional systems of medicine and for consumption.
Right leaf to be plucked.
The practice of Ayurveda has resulted in a long standing tradition of tisanes, (an infusion - as of dried herbs – used as a beverage or for medicinal effects). Traditional Indian kitchens have long utilised the medicinal benefits offered by various plants and spices such as basil (Tulsi), cardamom (Elaichi), pepper (Kali Mirch), liquorice (Mulethi), mint (Pudina), etc., and traditionally, tisanes made with these plant leaves and/or spices have been in use for centuries for maladies ranging from the serious to the trifling. Tea also serves as a mediumq for these traditional tisanes. The taste of chai (sweet and milky) helps disguise the stronger and more bitter flavours of some of the medicinal additives, while other, more pleasant flavours such as cardamom and ginger add a pleasing flavour and aroma to the tea along with health benefits.
1.Tulsi,ginger- used to control cold,cough,fever.
2.pepper,cardamom- improves digestion.
3.ginger-purifies the blood.
4.clove- used as a refreshner.


A tea plantation in Darjeeling

Different Kinds of Tea
Indians love a good cup of tea (chai) whenever possible.Though India is major producer of Tea however, over 70% of it is consumed by Indians themselves. The production of tea really took off during the days of British rule in India, when large tracts of land were converted for mass tea production. If you're a tea lover, don't miss visiting these places where you'll find the best India tea plantations and tea.
1.Darjeeling
The Darjeeling region is cool and wet, and tucked in the foothills of the Himalayans. The tea is exquisite and delicately flavored, and considered to be one of the finest teas in the world. The Darjeeling plantations have 3 distinct harvests, and the tea produced from each 'flush' has a unique flavor. First flush teas are light and aromatic, while the second flush produces tea with a bit more bite. The third, or autumn flush gives a tea that is lesser in quality.
2.Assam
Mostly grown in the Brahmaputra Valley, malty Assamese tea is brightly colored. Jorhat, in the central part of the valley, is often referred to as the "Tea Capital of the World"..Assam tea comes from the North Eastern section of the country. This heavily forested region is home to much wildlife, including the rhinoceros. Tea from here is rich and full-bodied. It was in Assam that the first tea estate was established, in 1837.
3.Nilgiri
This tea comes from an even higher part of India than Darjeeling. This southern Indian region has elevations between 1,000 and 2,5000 metres. The flavors of Nilgiri teas are subtle and rather gentle. They are frequently blended with other, more robust teas.
The mountainous Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu, in south India, is known for its distinctive dark and intensely aromatic tea. Tea has been grown there for more than 100 years, and is the most important industry in the regiont tea producing region in the country.
4.Munnar
 Munnar, a popular hill station in south India, you'll be greeted by miles upon miles of lush tea plantations. Once owned by Tata, the largest tea manufacturing company in India, they've now been sold to employees.The tea made here is rich in flavours.
5.Wayanad
Wayanad, a lush mountainous agricultural area of Kerala, also produces a significant amount of tea (in addition to coffee and spices). Most of the tea plantations are located south of Kalpetta.
If you were to visit India, there would be no end to the sights you could see.Make sure you'd take a tour of a tea plantation or two.

"How to make good tea or chai"
Besides the different kinds of tea that come from India, there is also a very unique style of making tea. It's called chai. There are lots of various recipes to make chai, but the basic ingredients are: black tea, milk, sugar, and spices. It's the combination of spices that make chai so wonderful. The most common are cardamom, ginger, cloves, cinnamon and even pepper. Even major coffee and tea chains are starting to serve chai in North America. If you're tired of plain tea, give chai a try.
  •    To make a strong tea use milk and water in the same quantity.
  •     Use high fat milk
  •     The best time to drink tea is during evening hours and at the morning time
  •     For children one should use only milk and should decrease the tea content.
  •     To add more flavor one can use any spices of your choice.

  • Ingredients:
  • water -200ml
  • Milk - 200ml (High fat milk)
  • tea powder-3 teaspoons
  • ginger- 2 teaspoons ( sliced and crushed) 
  • cardamom -2
  • sugar -4 teaspoons (double the amount of ginger)
 
Instructions 
    1. Take equal amounts of water and milk in separate vessels
    2.Boil the milk till it becomes thick.
    3.Boil the water, simmer the stove, add teapowder.When the water becomes deep brown in colour add sugar followed by ginger and cardamom.
   4 .Now add milk and boil it again in medium flame.
    5.Filter and serve in tea cups.




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Saturday, July 27, 2013

LIST OF POPULAR NATIONAL PARKS AND WILD LIFE SANCTUARIES IN INDIA

               India's wildlife is rich and diverse. Almost 4 % of India's land is under forests. The popular animals found in India are Apes, Asiatic Lions, Monkeys, Snakes, Crocodiles, Buffaloes, Elephants, Spotted Deer, Sambar Deer, Hog Deer, Barking Deer, Swamp Deer, One-Horned Rhinoceros, Sloth Bears, Blue Bull (Neelgai), Indian Gazelle (Chinkara), Goats and Tigers. Elephants provide maximum excitement while exploring India. India is also famous for its incredible tigers and has the largest number of bird species.
               India is home to several fabulous wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, which makes this country a nature lover's paradise. The wildlife sanctuaries in India are home to around two thousand different species of birds, 3500 species of mammals, nearly 30000 different kinds of insects and more than 15000 varieties of plants.
               There are as many as 80 national parks and over 441 wildlife sanctuaries in India, covering nearly 4.5% of the total geographical area of the country. Scattered all across the country, these sanctuaries and parks attracts the tourists with their beautiful landscapes, amazing rock formation and diverse range of flora and fauna. Most of these sanctuaries were originally private hunting grounds of the former Indian aristocratic families.

   Some of the very popular national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are listed below:

1.BANDHAVAGARH  NATIONAL PARK, SHANDOL (MADHYAPRADESH)
 Bandhavgarh National Park (Madhya Pradesh) to Shahdol iS138 km.Time by road is
3 hrs, 20 mins.Bandhavgarh was declared a national park in 1968, with an area of 105 Sq. Km. and buffer area of approximately 400 Sq. Km. Of topography varies between steep ridges, undulating forest and open meadows. The park derives its name from the most prominent hillock of the area, which is said to be given by Hindu Lord Rama to his brother Lakshmana to keep a watch on Lanka.
This park has a large biodiversity. The density of the tiger population at Bandhavgarh is one of the highest known in India.

2.Bandipur National park.Mysore(karnataka) 
Bandipur National Park is popular for being home to over 75 Royal Bengal Tigers. Asian Elephants and chittals are other prime attractions of the park. One can also spot other wildlife like sambar, wild boar, jackal, gaur, barking deer, langur, etc. as well. Sightings of King cobra, viper, rat snake, python, common cobra, etc. are also common in the park.
The national park is a treat for bird watchers as well. Over 200 species of birds that include grey jungle fowl, red spur fowl, hawk eagle, serpent eagle, parakeets, woodpeckers, scarlet minuets, etc. can be spotted in the park.

3.Bannarghatta national park. Bangalore(Karnataka)
The Bannerghatta National Park is about 30 km from Bangalore situated in Bannerghatta, Anekal Taluk – Bangalore District. The National Park was established in 1974.the reserve forest is spread across 25000 acres. The Bannerghatta National Park consists of Biological Forest (Jungle Safari), a Butterfly Park and a Zoo with a little museum and a theatre.

4.Borivili National Park,Mumbai (Maharashtra)
 The Park was known as Krishnagiri Park during pre-independence period and later as Borivali National Park. In 1990 the park was renamed as Sanjay Gandhi National park. It has the reputation of being the most visited National Park and also being place for  the World’s largest animals. These include Bonnet and Rhesus Macaque, Chital, Indian Hare, Gray Lungur, Sambar deer and may other varieties. park within the city limits. Serene, dense green forests and the abundance of wild life make Borivali National Park unique.

5.Corbett National Park,Garhwal (Uttarpradesh)
Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India and was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park to protect the endangered Bengal tiger. It is located in Nainital district of Uttarakhand.It houses around 110 tree species, 50 species of mammals, 580 bird species and 25 reptile species.

6.Dachigan Sanctuary.Srinagar(Jammu and Kashmir)
Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometers from Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. It covers an area of 141 square kilometers. The name of the park literally stands for "ten villages" which could be in memory of the ten villages that were relocated for its formation.The main animal species that Dachigam is most famous for is the Hangul, or the Kashmir Stag. The other species are Musk deer, Leopard,Himalayan Serow,Himalayan Grey Langur, Leopard Cat, Himalayan Black Bear,Himalayan Brown Bear,Jackal,Hill Fox, Himalayan Weasel,Yellow-throated Marten,Jungle Cat, Long-tailed Marmot,Ottermation.There are 24 species of birds live here.

7.Dudhewa  National Park.Lakhimpur.Kheri(U.P)
 Dudhwa National Park, in Lakhimpur-Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh, adjacent to Nepal border, is one of the major projects for wildlife preservation in India. Spread over an expanse of approximately 811 sq km of marshes, grasslands and dense forests, it is a home for over 38 species of mammals, 16 species of reptiles and numerous species of birds.
Major attractions of Dudhwa National Park are the Tigers (population 98 in 1995) and Swamp Deer (population over 1,600) Some rare species inhabit the park. Hispid Hare, earlier thought to have become extinct, was rediscovered here in 1984.In the mid 1980s, Indian Rhinoceros was reintroduced into Dudhwa from Assam and Nepal.The other animals to be seen here include Swamp Deer, Sambar Deer, Barking Deer, Spotted Deer, Hog Deer, Tiger, Indian Rhinoceros, Sloth Bear, Ratel, Jackal, Civet, Jungle Cat, Fishing Cat, Leopard Cat.
The park has a rich bird life, with over 350 species, including the Swamp Francolin, Great Slaty Woodpecker and Bengal Florican. Dudhwa also boasts a range of migratory birds that settle here during winters. It includes among others, painted storks, black and white necked storks, Sarus Cranes, woodpeckers, barbets, kingfishers, minivets, bee-eaters, bulbuls and varied night birds of prey.

8.Eravikulam Rajmallay National park.Idduki(kerala)
This sanctuary is situated 15 km from Munnar.A sanctuary for the endangered mountain goat of South India, the Nilgiri Tahr (Hemitragus hylocrious), the Eravikulam National Park stands out for the stark beauty of its rolling grasslands and sholas, spread over 97 sq km in the Kannan devan hills.
Anamudi, the highest peak (2695 m) south of Himalayas, stands majestically in the core area of the national park. The slopes of the hills abound in many kinds of rare flora which include rare terrestrial and epiphytic orchids, and beautiful wild balsams. Important fauna here are the Nilgiri Tahr, Nilgiri Langur, leopard, tiger, Indian bison, etc.

9.Ghana Bird Sanctuary.Bharatpur(Rajasthan)
Keoladeo Ghana National Park, popularly known as Bharatpur is India's best known bird sanctuary. This 28.7 square kilometre mixed wetland, woodland, grass and scrub is home to 400 plus species of birds.
If you are new to birding or you are visiting India for birding, Bharatpur should certainly be at the heart of your plans. Winter (Nov - Mar) is the best time to visit the sanctuary when Palearctic migrants join the residents. An average day can still throw up many rare and threatened species like the Sociable Lapwing, Indian Courser, Imperial, White-tailed, Greater and Indian Spotted Eagles, Darters, Black-necked, Painted and Asian Openbill Storks, Common, Sarus and Demoiselle Cranes, Dalmatian Pelicans, Black Bittern, Greater Painted Snipe, Large-tailed, Indian and Grey Nightjars, Dusky Eagle Owls, Marshall's Iora, Siberian Rubythroat and Brook's Leaf Warblers. The 20 species of ducks, innumerable waders and raptors, water-seeking birds and approachable passerines all add to make Keoladeo a true birder's paradise.

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Sunday, July 14, 2013

LIST OF NATIONAL ANIMAL,TREE,BIRD, FLOWER,

NAME OF THE COUNTRY   NAME OF THE TREE  NAME OF THE FLOWER NAME OF THE BIRD NAME OF THE ANIMAL

FINLAND                           BIRCH TREE               LILY OF THE VALLEY     WHOOPER SWAN    BROWN BEAR
                                                                                                                    


LUXEMBERG                     NO OFFICIAL TREE     ROSE                             GOLDCREST           LION


CUBA                                PALMA REAL              BUTTERFLY JASMINE    CUBAN TROGAN      CUBAN CROCODILE


ESTONIA                           OAK                            CORN FLOWER             CHIMNEYWALLOW  BARN SWALLOW


SLOVENIA                        TILIA                           CARNATION                  REDBIRD                  AFRICAN LION


BARBADAS                       FIG                             PRIDE OF BARBA            BROWNPELICAN     DOLPHIN


UKRAINE                          PINE,WILLOW             SUNFLOWER               NIGHTINGALE           NO OFF ANIMAL


SLOVOKIA                      LINDER                         ROSE                             PHOENIX         BEAR


EGYPT                            CARIB                            LOTUS                            STEPPE EAGLE       CAT


CZEC REPUBLIC             LIME                                ROSE                            FALKAN,SOKAL      LION


HUNGARY                        NO OFF TREE                TULIP FLOWER            TURUL                     SAKEN FALCON


IRELAND                         SESSILE OAK                 SHAMROCK                LAPWING                  STAG


THAILAND                       GOLDENSHOWER          RACHAPRUEK            SIAMESEFIREBACK   ASIAN ELEPHANT


SCOTLAND                     SCOTS PINE                   THISTLE                    GOLDENEAGLE          UNICORN


ALBANIA                         OLIVE                            RED POPPY                 PEACOCK                  GOLDEN EAGLE



TRINIDAD                       PINK POUI                       CHOCONIA                  SCARLETIBIS          RUFOUSVENTED                                                                                                                                                CHACHALACA



BULGARIA                     MAPLE TREE                    ROSE                             MAGPIEROBIN       NO OFF ANIMAL


ARGENTINA                   JACARANDA                     CEIBO                         RUFOUSHOMERO    NO OFF


COCTARICA                  GUANACASTE                   ORCHID                       CLAYTHRUSH        WHITE TAILED DEER


SOUTH AFRICA             YELLOWWEED                 PROTEA                        BLUECRANE            SPRINGBOLE


PERU                           CINCHONA                        KANTUTA                    ANDEANCOCK          VICUNA

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Thursday, July 4, 2013

MOST BEAUTIFUL ANIMALS IN THE WORLD

There are so many beautiful animals in the world including human being.But these five are considered as most beautiful (colorful )in their kind.


1. MANDARIN DRAGONET GOBY ; PISCES.
It is a small brightly colored member of the dragonet family native to pacific.This is one of the only two animals species known to have blue coloring because of cellular pigment,the other being the closely related fish psychedelic mandarin.



2.ORIENTAL FIRE BELLIED FROG: AMPHIBIANS

These frogs are found in Northeastern china,Korea and South Japan.They are medium sized and growing into size of 2 inches.The pupil of this frog are triangular shaped.





3.MADAGASCAN DAY GECKO :REPTILES

This lizard is one of the largest living day Geckos.It is about 22cm in length.This

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