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Wednesday, July 31, 2013

Heritage of Tea in India

     India, as the world’s largest consumer of tea uses nearly 30 per cent of the global output. India is also the second largest producer of tea. Despite the production, India is also the largest exporter of tea after China.The consumption of tea in India was first clearly documented in the Ramayana (750-500 BC) says that tea was perhaps better known as “Soma” in Indian mythology.
      The cultivation and brewing of tea in India has a long history. Commercial production of tea in India begins with the arrival of the British East India Company, at which point large tracts of land were converted for mass tea production. The widespread popularity of tea as a recreational drink begins in the 1950s, after a successful advertising campaign by the India Tea Board.Assam tea comes from the North Eastern section of the country.It was in Assam that the first tea estate was established, in 1837.

Tea in India
 By and large, tea drinkers in India drink milk tea. There are many other popular variations depending on regional and cultural affiliations.
Tea stalls in India
The now well known Masala Chai, Kadak Chai (typically a feature of the mountain community of North India, this is a very strongly brewed tea, almost to the point of bitterness), Malai Mar Ke Chai (where a generous dollop of full fat added to tea).
  The cultivation and brewing of tea in India has a long history.Outside the home, tea is most commonly and easily found at the ubiquitous tea stalls that present in every street in India. The tea stall has become a part of the urban landscape and a cultural institution.
Kettles used to serve tea
Unlike the British cup of tea, tea in India is not served in a set where the leaves are steeped separately.
  Typically, tea in India is consumed with both milk and sugar but the tea leaves are not prepared separately by being steeped. Instead, the tea leaves are boiled along with additions and then boiled again after the addition of milk and sugar. Sometimes the tea leaves themselves are used as flavouring. In many parts of the country, the most special tea is one where the tea leaves are boiled solely in milk.
 India is also the world's largest tea-drinking nation. However, the per capita consumption of tea in India remains a modest 750 grams per person every year due to the large population base and high
Eco-friendly cups used
chhass(A milk product) consumption.Indian tea is very healthy, especially during the winter as it contains natural immunizers such as ginger, cardamom, etc. Indian tea is very very different from the various kinds of tea that are taken in rest parts of the world.
 
Medicinal use of Tea
The cultivation and brewing of tea in India has a long history of applications in traditional systems of medicine and for consumption.
Right leaf to be plucked.
The practice of Ayurveda has resulted in a long standing tradition of tisanes, (an infusion - as of dried herbs – used as a beverage or for medicinal effects). Traditional Indian kitchens have long utilised the medicinal benefits offered by various plants and spices such as basil (Tulsi), cardamom (Elaichi), pepper (Kali Mirch), liquorice (Mulethi), mint (Pudina), etc., and traditionally, tisanes made with these plant leaves and/or spices have been in use for centuries for maladies ranging from the serious to the trifling. Tea also serves as a mediumq for these traditional tisanes. The taste of chai (sweet and milky) helps disguise the stronger and more bitter flavours of some of the medicinal additives, while other, more pleasant flavours such as cardamom and ginger add a pleasing flavour and aroma to the tea along with health benefits.
1.Tulsi,ginger- used to control cold,cough,fever.
2.pepper,cardamom- improves digestion.
3.ginger-purifies the blood.
4.clove- used as a refreshner.


A tea plantation in Darjeeling

Different Kinds of Tea
Indians love a good cup of tea (chai) whenever possible.Though India is major producer of Tea however, over 70% of it is consumed by Indians themselves. The production of tea really took off during the days of British rule in India, when large tracts of land were converted for mass tea production. If you're a tea lover, don't miss visiting these places where you'll find the best India tea plantations and tea.
1.Darjeeling
The Darjeeling region is cool and wet, and tucked in the foothills of the Himalayans. The tea is exquisite and delicately flavored, and considered to be one of the finest teas in the world. The Darjeeling plantations have 3 distinct harvests, and the tea produced from each 'flush' has a unique flavor. First flush teas are light and aromatic, while the second flush produces tea with a bit more bite. The third, or autumn flush gives a tea that is lesser in quality.
2.Assam
Mostly grown in the Brahmaputra Valley, malty Assamese tea is brightly colored. Jorhat, in the central part of the valley, is often referred to as the "Tea Capital of the World"..Assam tea comes from the North Eastern section of the country. This heavily forested region is home to much wildlife, including the rhinoceros. Tea from here is rich and full-bodied. It was in Assam that the first tea estate was established, in 1837.
3.Nilgiri
This tea comes from an even higher part of India than Darjeeling. This southern Indian region has elevations between 1,000 and 2,5000 metres. The flavors of Nilgiri teas are subtle and rather gentle. They are frequently blended with other, more robust teas.
The mountainous Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu, in south India, is known for its distinctive dark and intensely aromatic tea. Tea has been grown there for more than 100 years, and is the most important industry in the regiont tea producing region in the country.
4.Munnar
 Munnar, a popular hill station in south India, you'll be greeted by miles upon miles of lush tea plantations. Once owned by Tata, the largest tea manufacturing company in India, they've now been sold to employees.The tea made here is rich in flavours.
5.Wayanad
Wayanad, a lush mountainous agricultural area of Kerala, also produces a significant amount of tea (in addition to coffee and spices). Most of the tea plantations are located south of Kalpetta.
If you were to visit India, there would be no end to the sights you could see.Make sure you'd take a tour of a tea plantation or two.

"How to make good tea or chai"
Besides the different kinds of tea that come from India, there is also a very unique style of making tea. It's called chai. There are lots of various recipes to make chai, but the basic ingredients are: black tea, milk, sugar, and spices. It's the combination of spices that make chai so wonderful. The most common are cardamom, ginger, cloves, cinnamon and even pepper. Even major coffee and tea chains are starting to serve chai in North America. If you're tired of plain tea, give chai a try.
  •    To make a strong tea use milk and water in the same quantity.
  •     Use high fat milk
  •     The best time to drink tea is during evening hours and at the morning time
  •     For children one should use only milk and should decrease the tea content.
  •     To add more flavor one can use any spices of your choice.

  • Ingredients:
  • water -200ml
  • Milk - 200ml (High fat milk)
  • tea powder-3 teaspoons
  • ginger- 2 teaspoons ( sliced and crushed) 
  • cardamom -2
  • sugar -4 teaspoons (double the amount of ginger)
 
Instructions 
    1. Take equal amounts of water and milk in separate vessels
    2.Boil the milk till it becomes thick.
    3.Boil the water, simmer the stove, add teapowder.When the water becomes deep brown in colour add sugar followed by ginger and cardamom.
   4 .Now add milk and boil it again in medium flame.
    5.Filter and serve in tea cups.




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Saturday, July 27, 2013

LIST OF POPULAR NATIONAL PARKS AND WILD LIFE SANCTUARIES IN INDIA

               India's wildlife is rich and diverse. Almost 4 % of India's land is under forests. The popular animals found in India are Apes, Asiatic Lions, Monkeys, Snakes, Crocodiles, Buffaloes, Elephants, Spotted Deer, Sambar Deer, Hog Deer, Barking Deer, Swamp Deer, One-Horned Rhinoceros, Sloth Bears, Blue Bull (Neelgai), Indian Gazelle (Chinkara), Goats and Tigers. Elephants provide maximum excitement while exploring India. India is also famous for its incredible tigers and has the largest number of bird species.
               India is home to several fabulous wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, which makes this country a nature lover's paradise. The wildlife sanctuaries in India are home to around two thousand different species of birds, 3500 species of mammals, nearly 30000 different kinds of insects and more than 15000 varieties of plants.
               There are as many as 80 national parks and over 441 wildlife sanctuaries in India, covering nearly 4.5% of the total geographical area of the country. Scattered all across the country, these sanctuaries and parks attracts the tourists with their beautiful landscapes, amazing rock formation and diverse range of flora and fauna. Most of these sanctuaries were originally private hunting grounds of the former Indian aristocratic families.

   Some of the very popular national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are listed below:

1.BANDHAVAGARH  NATIONAL PARK, SHANDOL (MADHYAPRADESH)
 Bandhavgarh National Park (Madhya Pradesh) to Shahdol iS138 km.Time by road is
3 hrs, 20 mins.Bandhavgarh was declared a national park in 1968, with an area of 105 Sq. Km. and buffer area of approximately 400 Sq. Km. Of topography varies between steep ridges, undulating forest and open meadows. The park derives its name from the most prominent hillock of the area, which is said to be given by Hindu Lord Rama to his brother Lakshmana to keep a watch on Lanka.
This park has a large biodiversity. The density of the tiger population at Bandhavgarh is one of the highest known in India.

2.Bandipur National park.Mysore(karnataka) 
Bandipur National Park is popular for being home to over 75 Royal Bengal Tigers. Asian Elephants and chittals are other prime attractions of the park. One can also spot other wildlife like sambar, wild boar, jackal, gaur, barking deer, langur, etc. as well. Sightings of King cobra, viper, rat snake, python, common cobra, etc. are also common in the park.
The national park is a treat for bird watchers as well. Over 200 species of birds that include grey jungle fowl, red spur fowl, hawk eagle, serpent eagle, parakeets, woodpeckers, scarlet minuets, etc. can be spotted in the park.

3.Bannarghatta national park. Bangalore(Karnataka)
The Bannerghatta National Park is about 30 km from Bangalore situated in Bannerghatta, Anekal Taluk – Bangalore District. The National Park was established in 1974.the reserve forest is spread across 25000 acres. The Bannerghatta National Park consists of Biological Forest (Jungle Safari), a Butterfly Park and a Zoo with a little museum and a theatre.

4.Borivili National Park,Mumbai (Maharashtra)
 The Park was known as Krishnagiri Park during pre-independence period and later as Borivali National Park. In 1990 the park was renamed as Sanjay Gandhi National park. It has the reputation of being the most visited National Park and also being place for  the World’s largest animals. These include Bonnet and Rhesus Macaque, Chital, Indian Hare, Gray Lungur, Sambar deer and may other varieties. park within the city limits. Serene, dense green forests and the abundance of wild life make Borivali National Park unique.

5.Corbett National Park,Garhwal (Uttarpradesh)
Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India and was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park to protect the endangered Bengal tiger. It is located in Nainital district of Uttarakhand.It houses around 110 tree species, 50 species of mammals, 580 bird species and 25 reptile species.

6.Dachigan Sanctuary.Srinagar(Jammu and Kashmir)
Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometers from Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. It covers an area of 141 square kilometers. The name of the park literally stands for "ten villages" which could be in memory of the ten villages that were relocated for its formation.The main animal species that Dachigam is most famous for is the Hangul, or the Kashmir Stag. The other species are Musk deer, Leopard,Himalayan Serow,Himalayan Grey Langur, Leopard Cat, Himalayan Black Bear,Himalayan Brown Bear,Jackal,Hill Fox, Himalayan Weasel,Yellow-throated Marten,Jungle Cat, Long-tailed Marmot,Ottermation.There are 24 species of birds live here.

7.Dudhewa  National Park.Lakhimpur.Kheri(U.P)
 Dudhwa National Park, in Lakhimpur-Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh, adjacent to Nepal border, is one of the major projects for wildlife preservation in India. Spread over an expanse of approximately 811 sq km of marshes, grasslands and dense forests, it is a home for over 38 species of mammals, 16 species of reptiles and numerous species of birds.
Major attractions of Dudhwa National Park are the Tigers (population 98 in 1995) and Swamp Deer (population over 1,600) Some rare species inhabit the park. Hispid Hare, earlier thought to have become extinct, was rediscovered here in 1984.In the mid 1980s, Indian Rhinoceros was reintroduced into Dudhwa from Assam and Nepal.The other animals to be seen here include Swamp Deer, Sambar Deer, Barking Deer, Spotted Deer, Hog Deer, Tiger, Indian Rhinoceros, Sloth Bear, Ratel, Jackal, Civet, Jungle Cat, Fishing Cat, Leopard Cat.
The park has a rich bird life, with over 350 species, including the Swamp Francolin, Great Slaty Woodpecker and Bengal Florican. Dudhwa also boasts a range of migratory birds that settle here during winters. It includes among others, painted storks, black and white necked storks, Sarus Cranes, woodpeckers, barbets, kingfishers, minivets, bee-eaters, bulbuls and varied night birds of prey.

8.Eravikulam Rajmallay National park.Idduki(kerala)
This sanctuary is situated 15 km from Munnar.A sanctuary for the endangered mountain goat of South India, the Nilgiri Tahr (Hemitragus hylocrious), the Eravikulam National Park stands out for the stark beauty of its rolling grasslands and sholas, spread over 97 sq km in the Kannan devan hills.
Anamudi, the highest peak (2695 m) south of Himalayas, stands majestically in the core area of the national park. The slopes of the hills abound in many kinds of rare flora which include rare terrestrial and epiphytic orchids, and beautiful wild balsams. Important fauna here are the Nilgiri Tahr, Nilgiri Langur, leopard, tiger, Indian bison, etc.

9.Ghana Bird Sanctuary.Bharatpur(Rajasthan)
Keoladeo Ghana National Park, popularly known as Bharatpur is India's best known bird sanctuary. This 28.7 square kilometre mixed wetland, woodland, grass and scrub is home to 400 plus species of birds.
If you are new to birding or you are visiting India for birding, Bharatpur should certainly be at the heart of your plans. Winter (Nov - Mar) is the best time to visit the sanctuary when Palearctic migrants join the residents. An average day can still throw up many rare and threatened species like the Sociable Lapwing, Indian Courser, Imperial, White-tailed, Greater and Indian Spotted Eagles, Darters, Black-necked, Painted and Asian Openbill Storks, Common, Sarus and Demoiselle Cranes, Dalmatian Pelicans, Black Bittern, Greater Painted Snipe, Large-tailed, Indian and Grey Nightjars, Dusky Eagle Owls, Marshall's Iora, Siberian Rubythroat and Brook's Leaf Warblers. The 20 species of ducks, innumerable waders and raptors, water-seeking birds and approachable passerines all add to make Keoladeo a true birder's paradise.

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Sunday, July 14, 2013

LIST OF NATIONAL ANIMAL,TREE,BIRD, FLOWER,

NAME OF THE COUNTRY   NAME OF THE TREE  NAME OF THE FLOWER NAME OF THE BIRD NAME OF THE ANIMAL

FINLAND                           BIRCH TREE               LILY OF THE VALLEY     WHOOPER SWAN    BROWN BEAR
                                                                                                                    


LUXEMBERG                     NO OFFICIAL TREE     ROSE                             GOLDCREST           LION


CUBA                                PALMA REAL              BUTTERFLY JASMINE    CUBAN TROGAN      CUBAN CROCODILE


ESTONIA                           OAK                            CORN FLOWER             CHIMNEYWALLOW  BARN SWALLOW


SLOVENIA                        TILIA                           CARNATION                  REDBIRD                  AFRICAN LION


BARBADAS                       FIG                             PRIDE OF BARBA            BROWNPELICAN     DOLPHIN


UKRAINE                          PINE,WILLOW             SUNFLOWER               NIGHTINGALE           NO OFF ANIMAL


SLOVOKIA                      LINDER                         ROSE                             PHOENIX         BEAR


EGYPT                            CARIB                            LOTUS                            STEPPE EAGLE       CAT


CZEC REPUBLIC             LIME                                ROSE                            FALKAN,SOKAL      LION


HUNGARY                        NO OFF TREE                TULIP FLOWER            TURUL                     SAKEN FALCON


IRELAND                         SESSILE OAK                 SHAMROCK                LAPWING                  STAG


THAILAND                       GOLDENSHOWER          RACHAPRUEK            SIAMESEFIREBACK   ASIAN ELEPHANT


SCOTLAND                     SCOTS PINE                   THISTLE                    GOLDENEAGLE          UNICORN


ALBANIA                         OLIVE                            RED POPPY                 PEACOCK                  GOLDEN EAGLE



TRINIDAD                       PINK POUI                       CHOCONIA                  SCARLETIBIS          RUFOUSVENTED                                                                                                                                                CHACHALACA



BULGARIA                     MAPLE TREE                    ROSE                             MAGPIEROBIN       NO OFF ANIMAL


ARGENTINA                   JACARANDA                     CEIBO                         RUFOUSHOMERO    NO OFF


COCTARICA                  GUANACASTE                   ORCHID                       CLAYTHRUSH        WHITE TAILED DEER


SOUTH AFRICA             YELLOWWEED                 PROTEA                        BLUECRANE            SPRINGBOLE


PERU                           CINCHONA                        KANTUTA                    ANDEANCOCK          VICUNA

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Thursday, July 4, 2013

MOST BEAUTIFUL ANIMALS IN THE WORLD

There are so many beautiful animals in the world including human being.But these five are considered as most beautiful (colorful )in their kind.


1. MANDARIN DRAGONET GOBY ; PISCES.
It is a small brightly colored member of the dragonet family native to pacific.This is one of the only two animals species known to have blue coloring because of cellular pigment,the other being the closely related fish psychedelic mandarin.



2.ORIENTAL FIRE BELLIED FROG: AMPHIBIANS

These frogs are found in Northeastern china,Korea and South Japan.They are medium sized and growing into size of 2 inches.The pupil of this frog are triangular shaped.





3.MADAGASCAN DAY GECKO :REPTILES

This lizard is one of the largest living day Geckos.It is about 22cm in length.This

Saturday, June 22, 2013

KNOW ABOUT ESTONIA'S NATIONAL TREE,FLOWER,BIRD AND ANIMAL

NATIONAL TREE: OAK TREE    
The oak tree is not a single species, but about 600 species of this tree exist worldwide. These belong to the genus Quercus. This genus, which includes deciduous and evergreen species, is native to the northern hemisphere. These trees bear flowers in spring, and the acorn (which is actually a nut) is its fruit. Most acorns contain only one seed, and take between 6 to 18 months to mature, depending on the species.
oak tree
leaves of oak tree
The oak tree is synonymous with strength, power, and endurance. Because of this, it has been adopted by many countries as the national tree, including England, Germany, France, and the United States. Other countries that have adopted the oak as their national tree include Estonia, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Basque Country, Galicia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Wales
oak trees can live up to 200 years or more, and mature trees have the capacity of absorbing more than 50 gallons of water in one day .
The oak tree is associated with several mythologies. In Norse mythology, it is the sacred tree of Thor, the thunder god. The Greek mythology presents it as the sacred tree of the king of gods, Zeus. And in Slavic mythology, it is the tree of utmost importance to god Perun.
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Thursday, June 20, 2013

TEN INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT RAIN

1.Rain drops vary in size from 0.02 inch to about 0.31inch.
2.Heavy raindrops can fall at speed up to 22 miles per hour.
3.All precipitation starts as ice or snow crystal at cloud level.
4.The umbrella we use to protect from rain was originally intended for shade from the hot Egyptian sun.
5.The king of Thailand makes it rain because he perfected and holds the patent on a form of cloud seeding.
6.The heaviest average rainfall (about430 inches)occurs in Chirapunji where as much as 87 feet of rain has fallen in one year.
7.Greek god Zeus is believed to be god of rain.
8.The E mas national park and Chapada dos Veaduros in Brazil is the best rainforest because of its rich fauna and flora.
9.The day after tomorrow (2004)may not be the greatest movie but the New york city rain scenes in that movie have been best rain scene ever made.
10.The Atacama desert spread between the pacific ocean and the Andes mountains in northern Chile has not experienced rain in its entire recorded history.

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KNOW ABOUT CUBA'S NATIONAL ANIMAL,BIRD,TREE AND FLOWER

1.NATIONAL TREE: PALMA REAL
Palma real is the island's national tree and symbol.It is recognized by cubans as the "Queen of the fields" because of the majestic structure,its peculiar size.palma real is a one species of a palm tree family scientific name Roytonea regia.It can grow upto 80 and 100 ft high with a growth rate of about

palma real
1 foot a year.The tree is crowned at the top with long leaves that can reach up to 3 feet in length.This palm bears small purple fruits that are inedible and flowers in the summer with yellow blooms at the crown.


2.NATIONAL FLOWER:BUTTERFLY JASMINE.
Butterfly Jasmine has delicate white petals arranged in an open position on a dark green stem.The brilliantly white colored flowers have a rich and heady scent that many have described as truly

butterfly jasmine
delicious.The white mariposa resembles a butterfly with its  open petals and graceful lines.The lovely flower grows wild beside water resources such as rivers and lagoons.The flower represents purity,rebellion,and independence.


3.NATIONAL ANIMAL: CUBAN CROCODILE
The Cuban crocodile can only be found in Cuba in the Zapata Swamp in the northwest of the country and the Lanier Swamp Isla de Juventud. It is one of the most threatened crocodiles of the New World. The average length of adults is about 11 feet, and some crocodiles can reach as high as 16 feet.

cuban crocodile
Coloration is darker on the top with patterns of black and yellow speckles and lighter underparts. The head is short and broad, and it possesses a bony ridge behind the eyes. Its toes are short and lack webbing, indicating that it spends more time on land then other crocodile species, and its tail is marked with black blotches or bands. The Cuban crocodile has about 68 teeth, which are helpful for crushing turtle shells.
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4.NATIONAL BIRD: CUBAN TROGAN
The Cuban Trogon or Tocororo (Priotelus temnurus) is a species of bird in the Trogonidae family.

cuban trogan
The Cuban Trogon is very colorful with a green back, blue crown, red belly and beak, and white throat and chest. These colors mimic the colors of the Cuban flag which is why it was chosen to be the national bird of Cuba. It has a long fluffy tail which is very unique amongst Trogons. From beak to tail, this beautiful bird is between ten and eleven inches. In flight, these birds travel in pairs creating a large amount of noise because of their rough, graceless flying technique. The Cuban Trogon is very common and can be found all over the island of Cuba.The Cuban Trogons most common call is toco-toco-tocoro-tocoro, which is where its local name 'toco' was derive. 
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Tuesday, June 18, 2013

KNOW ABOUT FINLAND'S NATIONAL TREE,FLOWER,BIRD,AND ANIMAL .

BIRCH TREE
BIRCH TREE
BIRCH TREE: NATIONAL TREE
Birch tree are midsized, and can grow from 30 to 65 feet tall.The most distinctive characterestic is its bark, which enable easy identification.The sharp edges of the leaves are typically green,and usually turn yellow in fall.A fully grown birch tree is capable of producing 1 million seeds per year.People from (national tree of finland)Finland use the leaves of this tree to make tea.

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WHOOPING SWAN
THE WHOOPING SWAN: NATIONAL BIRD
The whooping swan CYGNUS CYGNUS is a large hemispere swan.An old name for whooping swan is elk.
These swans have a deep honking call and despite their size they are powerful fliers.Whooping
swan can migrate hundreds or even thousands of miles to their wintering site in southern Europe
 and Eastern Asia.Whooping Swan is the national bird of Finland and is featured on the Finnish 1 euro coin .The whooper swan is one of the species to which the agreement on the conservation of African,Eurasian migration waterbird applies.


LILY OF THE VALLEY
LILY OF THE VALLEY:NATIONAL FLOWER
Lily.convallaria majalis is a lovely spring flower that grows wild in moist,shady woodlands.It is native to Europe but can be found North America and Northern Asia.They are low growing plants reaching up to 8 to 9 inches in height.These flowers  are associated with purity and are favourite wedding flowers.The sweet fragrance coupled with the pure white bell shaped flowers provide a romantic touch in any bouquet or arrangement.This flower is the birth flower for the month of May and signifying the arrival of spring and the purity of new life.According to one christian legend Mary's tears at the cross turned into Lily of valley hence the folk name 'OUR LADY'S TEARS'
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BROWN BEAR
BROWN BEAR:NATIONAL ANIMAL
Brown bear are usually larger than black bear have a prominent shoulder hump,less prominent ears and longer,straighter claws.weights vary by age,gender,location,and time of year.Bears weighs about one pound(o.5)kg at birth and attain adult size by age of 6.A large male may weigh up to to 1500lbs in coastal areas up to 500lbs in interior areas.Brown bear have an exceptionally acute sense of smell,exceeding that of dogs,contrary to the popular belief. Bears are not short sighted are not near sighted their eyesight and hearing are comparable to humans.They can run in short burst up to 40 mph are excellent swimmers.By all indications Bears are extremely intelligent and most have individual personalities.

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Tuesday, May 7, 2013

A BEAUTIFUL COLLECTION OF NATIONAL FLOWERS




                                                                 FLOWERS
"An  insignificant  flower grew wild,
Pausing, it touched an inner emotion,
A heart beating realization,
If ignored.
We are not very different,
Days later upon returning it had vanished,
without a trace,
But solitudes, companion has its reward,
While it lived it brought pleasure,
To thus myself and lonely eye.
                                 -by Cheryl Anna

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                                                              NATIONAL FLOWERS
rose
1.ROSE
Rosa laeviagata is the official flower of united states from 1916.The name Cherokhee rose is derived from the Cherokhee Indians who widely distributed the plant in united states.
The Cherokee Rose has long, vine-like canes that are excessively thorny. Its canes can reach 15 feet in length, and its reddish-orange thorns are hooked. Its single, pure-white blooms have a yellow center. This variety is sometimes confused with dogwoods because their petals are similar and they bloom at the same time of year.
 Cherokee Rose is a rose native to southern China, Taiwan, Laos and Vietnam.
 According to Mississippi State University Extension, it was probably introduced to the United States via England in the mid-1700s.
 It was first reported in Southern gardens in 1759. The rose is found in most of the southeastern states from the Carolinas to Texas
The Cherokee Rose is very resistant to the usual pests and fungus drawn to roses. While deer will avoid this rose, birds love the large rose hips(fruits) it produces. The rose hips can be up to 2 inches long and 1 inches
wide.
The Cherokee rose is also known as the Camellia rose, the snow-white rose, rosier blanc de neige, and Rosa nivea. The Flower Expert says that the name Cherokee rose means “Chinese climbing rose with fragrant white blossoms” as the plant is actually native to China
    The Cherokee rose is an evergreen, climbing ornamental plant whose flowers bloom in early spring and may bloom again in fall. The fragrant blooms measure 2 1/2 to 4 inches in diameter with petals and yellow central stamens
   The Cherokee Messenger recounts that the Cherokee legend that the rose sprang up from the tears of mothers unable to save their children while walking the Trail of Tears in 1838. The white represents their tears, the yellow stamens stand for “gold taken from Cherokee lands,” and the seven leaves stand for the seven Cherokee clans.

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plum blosso
2.PLUM BLOSSOM
Plum blossom is the national flower of china.It is also known as meihua is considered as symbol of resilence and perseverence in the face of adversity because it blooms most vibrantly in very harsh winter.
Plum Blossom (Prunus Mei)With 5000 years of history , it is difficult for China to chose just one National Flower or a single representative from among the range of beautiful blooms that show up throughout traditional art and culture.Plum Blossom (Prunus Mei) and Tree Peony (Mudan)are the two flowers considered for title.
So now China has dual national flowers, Plum Blossoms as an national flower while Tree Peony as National Favorite.
Plum blossom originated in the south of mainland China around the Yangtze River and was later introduced to Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam.It can be found in sparse forests, stream sides, forested slopes along trails and mountains, sometimes at altitudes up to 1700 to 3100 meter, and regions of cultivation.
The plum blossom is a distinctive and unique flower because it blooms in the dead of winter, while there is still snow on the branches of the parent tree. The flowers emerge before the leaves, and they are pale white with oval-shaped petals.
The symbolism of the plum blossom is tied up with winter, with the blossom being used as a metaphor for strength, resilience, and the ability to overcome adversity. Many poems and works of art about revolutionary struggle from China feature the plum blossom.
The Chinese have also long associated the plum blossom with the nobility, and it still appears in the crests of some Chinese cities. In Taiwan, the plum blossom is the national flower, and throughout mainland China and Taiwan, plum blossoms appear on currency and company logos. These delicate flowers also symbolize beauty and longevity, making them popular with women of all ages.
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chrysanthemum
3.CHRYSANTHEMUM                                             
Chrysanthemum also known as pompon.(Chrysanthemum x morifolium or dendranthema x grandiflorum)
Chrysanthemum plants were being grown as early as 500 B.C.  The Chrysanthemum is  Japan’s national flower.There are national Chrysanthemum plant societies in five countries.There is a city in China named after the plant. In 1826, there were fewer than 50 varieties of Chrysanthemum plants. Today, the number is greater than 5,000.
 Named by Carolis Linnaeus in the 17th century, the chrysanthemum represents cheerfulness, friendship, peace, loveliness, optimism, abundance and wealth.
Its origin is Japan and China. The Chinese use the chrysanthemum as their symbol of royalty, and consider this bloom the highest of all the flowers and it is available all year round.
 Spray chrysanthemums, also known as pompons, come in cushion, daisy, and novelty forms in a large variety of colors including pink, purple, white red, yellow, and magenta. Chrysanthemum flowers are used to make a sweet drink known as chrysanthemum tea. This tea is considered medicinal in Asia.
 The chrysanthemum received its name from the Greek 'krus anthemon', meaning golden flower. Legend has it that this was the first sighting of the chrysanthemum ,while the Greeks were on a search for a magical herb that would grant eternal life.
The chrysanthemum is the flower of the month of November.In Japan, the chrysanthemum has its own holiday, a festival of happiness celebrated every September
Chrysanthemums are some of the most popular flowers in the world, next only to rose.
The Chrysanthemum flower symbolizes fidelity, optimism, joy and long life.
Each Chrysanthemum flower head is actually a cluster of many flowers, composed of a central group of short disk flowers surrounded by rings of longer ray flowers. Chrysanthemums are classified into nine categories according to the type and arrangement of disk and ray flowers - Incurved, Reflexed, Intermediate, Late Flowering Anemones, Singles, Pompons, Sprays, Spiders/Spoons/Quills, Charms and Cascades.

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knapweed
4.KNAP WEED
Knap weed or cornflower is the national flower of Germany,which is bright and cheerful.It is a tradition in Germany to wear the knap weed in your lapel if you are unmarried.
       Germany's national flower, centaurea is related with the emperor of old Germany. It has been called the "Emperor's flower". Because of the authoritative language of the flower's name, it naturally has been considered the national flower. Its status was not changed after the republic of Germany was established.
 The knapweed it belongs to the genus 'Centaurea'. The upper part of the plant has many stems and it produces many flowers. The flowers of the plant are striking because of their blue color. At present, the flowers are also available in white, pink, and red. It is an annual plant, which means that the plant germinates flowers and dies in one year.
 Germany's knapweed is tough variety which is mostly seen in the fields than in the flower beds.                      Do you love your national flower? Here is a way to show your national spirit
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Iris
5.IRIS
The fleur-de-lis is a royal French symbol of the iris.The word Iris means rainbow. Irises come in many colors such as blue and purple, white and yellow, pink and orange, brown and red, and even black.
Some irises are bulbs and some irises are rhizomes. The most common bulb iris is the Dutch Iris. Rhizome irises are separated into three main groups: the Bearded, Beardless, and the Crested Iris.
Irises are perennial plants. In The United States irises are also known as Flags.
In Greek mythology Iris is the Goddess of the rainbow and is the messenger of the Gods. The Greeks planted irises on women's graves in hope that the Goddess Iris would guide their souls to their final resting places.
In the ancient world the iris was a symbol of power and majesty used as the original scepter. The oldest iris symbolism comes from Egypt where the iris was a symbol for life.
The genus Iris has about 200 species and is native to the North Temperate regions of the world. The habitat of irises also varies a lot. Some irises grow in deserts, some in swamps, some in the cold far north, and many in temperate climates. Bearded Iris and Siberian Iris are two of the most common types of irises grown.
The Iris was named after the Greek goddess who is considered to be the messenger of love and uses the rainbow to travel. Iris was probably named after the goddess because of the numerous colors it is available in.
Irises are among the best-known and loved among garden plants.
A flower on the Sphinx is considered to be an Iris, and another appears on a base-relief of the time of the 18th Egyptian dynasty.
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cattleya labiata
6.CATTLEYA ORCHID
 Cattleya labiata, sometimes known as Corsage Orchid is the National Flower of Brazil.
Cattleya Orchid (Cattleya Labiata)     Cattleya orchids are commonly called "corsage orchids" as the blooms are frequently used in corsages due to their exceptional beauty and fragrance.
Cattleya or Ruby-lipped Cattleya, is the type species of Cattleya, discovered in 1818 in Brazil. The genus was named in honor of Sir William Cattley, a prominent British horticulturist.
 These Flowers grow well in typical household temperatures, about 65 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and 58 to 60 degrees at night. Because of their exceptional beauty and fragrance they are commonly called queen of the orchids. However these flowers also serves as the national flower emblem for Brazil.
Cattleya orchids are documented as one of the oldest cultivated orchids. The Cattleya labiata from the mountain forests of Brazil was introduced around 1818.
The plant itself is a medium sized unifoliate (labiate) Cattleya, with a medium sized rhizome. The plant has long leaves, with a tough (coriaceous) consistency because of the aridity in the canopy of trees, due to a short dry season.Cattleya labiata is a species in the genus Cattleya which contains 46 species and belongs to the family of the Orchidaceae.
 No flower can match orchid in its varieties see how beautiful these items with orchids
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tudorrose
scottish thistle
walsh daffodil
7.TUDOR ROSE
Each part of the United Kingdom has its own national flower.
The United Kingdom has four flowers which have been used as symbols of England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales in both official and unofficial capacities.The rose, like many other British flowers and plants, is not native to England, yet has emerged as the national flower of England.Roses made their way back to Europe from Asia and, as roses were a popular flower throughout the Roman Empire, roses eventually appeared on English soil. However, the rose became England's adopted symbol during the War of the Roses (1455 – 1485) when the royal House of York adopted the white rose and the royal House of Lancaster adopted the red rose
    The rose was adopted as England's emblem around the time of the War of the Roses - civil wars (1455-1485) between the royal house of Lancaster (whose emblem was a red rose) and the royal house of York (whose emblem was a white rose). King Richard III and the Yorkists were defeated at Bosworth on 22 August 1485 by the future Henry VII.
The two roses were combined to make the Tudor rose (a red rose with a white centre) by Henry VII when he married Elizabeth of York
The Symbol of the Irish Shamrock
The Irish shamrock is a three-leafed old white clover, from the Trifolium minus and other species. The term shamrock is derived from the Irish seamrog.The shamrock is said to represent the Christian Trinity – the unity of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit – in its three leaves.
The Symbol of the Scottish Thistle .The thistle is a prickly-leaved purple flower which was first used in the fifteenth century as a symbol of defence.The Scottish thistle is the national flower of Scotland, although thistle is the common name given to a number of flowering plant species in the Asteraceae plant family. The Scottish thistle is widely characterized by a purple flower, sharp, spiky leaves and prickles (or thorns). Although the exact history surrounding the adoption of the thistle as the Scottish national flower is vague, it is commonly believed that the thistle is an ancient Celtic symbol representing nobility of character
The Symbol of the Welsh Daffodil
The daffodil (Narcissus) has become the accepted symbol of Wales, although there is little substantial evidence as to the reasons behind this symbolism. It is traditional to wear a daffodil in Wales on St David's Day. The daffodil is a British spring flower, although there are many species of daffodils grown around the world too. Daffodils have a central trumpet and are usually yellow in color, although some cultivars are white with golden colored trumpets.
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Lily
8.STYLIZED LILY
Stylized lily is the national flower of Italy. The other flowers like lotus,tulip also belong to this group.
Actually, lily flowers or lilium candidum was known to be the most significant flower symbol for Christians and that they indicate purity. Also, Madonna lily became popular as the symbol of purity associated to virgins
In Greek poetry, lily flowers signified tenderness and they were also referred to as the voice of muses. There is even a Greek myth that says how lily was born from the milk of the goddess Hera. Up until now, lily flowers still symbolize pure and virginal love in the Christian world.
The first description of lily flowers can be traced back from the Chinese Middle Ages, where lily plant blossoms until late autumn and there were three shades, which include red, purple, and yellow
Other types of lily flowers, such as Lilium longiflorum, L. candidum, and oriental lilies are highly scented, but in white shade only. Asiatic lilies, on the other hand, are extremely colored; unfortunately they have no scent at all. The availability of lily flowers is all year round. In China alone, some flowers served as lucky charms, while others were believed to avert the evil eye
Lily flowers are among those to have interesting properties. There is a fascinating historical account of lilies that says people were interested in them due to their anti-toxic properties and their ability to cure depression.
In Europe, lily flowers were also used as remedy for many kinds of sicknesses and diseases.People have cultivated the lily for at least three millennium.Until the 1500s, however, the Madonna Lily remained the only known variety of the plant outside of Asia.
Lilies of different kinds are commonly found all across the globe. Lilies come in different shapes, sizes and colors.All species of lilies belong to the genus Lilium. The genus consists of more than 100 species of lilies. White lily, Easter lily, tiger lily and calla lily are the most common or widely known species of lily.  Lilies are found in Europe, India, Japan, the USA, and Canada. In short, these pretty flowers are found in nearly all parts of the world. In fact, it is one of the most common flowers found in the continent of Europe.
 Nearly all the white lilies are scented. Most of the other colored varieties are completely devoid of any perfume or scent. But, the tiger lily is an exception as it has a sweet scent.
Lily,intoxicating lily flowers gift someone who is as pure as this flower on the world
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camomile
9.CHAMOMILE
Chamomile is the national flower of Russia it is a common name for several daisy like plants of the family asterraceae. It is commonly used to help with sleep.
Chamomile species are plants that belong to the genus Anthemis of the Sunflower or Asteraceae family
Chamomile is one of the oldest of all herbs, dating back to ancient Egyptians. It is both a pretty flower and an ancient healer.This delicate flower is dried and drank as tea – or used as an extract topically.
Many drink the herb tea because it is said to have anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic properties that help reduce cramping and indigestion.
This versatile herb is also recognized as a natural healing treatment that helps rejuvenate the skin. Chamomile was supposedly dedicated to the sun by the Egyptians because of its curative value in the treatment of ague. Dried chamomile flower is an age-old medicinal drug known in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome.
 Chamomile's popularity grew throughout the Middle Ages, when people turned to it as a remedy for numerous medical complaints - nausea, nervous complaints, children's ailments, skin diseases and so on. The name is Greek This translates as “Kamai melon” which means earth apple. this is probably due to its apple like aroma,The plants actual inci name is Nobilis. this means noble or noted, which refers to its healing virtues.
It is rare to see camomile items but not here
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lotus
10.LOTUS
Lotus is the national flower of India.It symbolizes spirituality,fruitfulness,wealth,knowledge and illumination.Spiritually, the lotus symbolizes the purity of mind and heart.
The Indian lotus flower is the national flower of India, and has many associations with the Hindu gods, religion and literature. Its seeds, leaves, flowers and roots are all edible, and are frequently used in a variety of Asian foods and medicines.In Asia, the petals are sometimes used for garnish, while the large leaves are used as a wrap for food.
      The scientific name for the Indian lotus is Nelumbo nucifera. It is a water flower, and is perennial in tropical climates, flowering every year.The roots of the lotus grow in the soil of ponds and river bottoms, while the leaves and flowers float on top of the water's surface.
        The leaves of the lotus are large, green and paddle-shaped and can grow over 20 inches high. The flowers, always pink, have multiple layers of long, blade-shaped petals and can grow up to 8 inches across. The plant itself can grow up to 60 inches high and can spread up to 9 feet horizontally.
        The dried seed pods are very distinctive: They are large, gray-brown, roughly rounded pods with multiple holes for seeds, and are frequently used in dried flower arrangement.The lotus flower represents purity of mind and body in both Hindi and Buddhist religions, and is frequently seen in the art of Buddhism, Hinduism and other Japanese and Chinese traditions
 The Lotus is a sacred flower for Buddhists.The Lotus flower is quoted extensively in Puranic and Vedic literature.The Lotus is one of the eight auspicious signs of Buddhism - an eight petalled lotus used in Buddhist mandalas symbolizes cosmic harmony, a thousand petalled Lotus, spiritual illumination. A bud symbolizes potential. The well-known Buddhist mantra, "Om mane padme," refers to the jewel in the lotus, enlightenment.
In Egyptian mythology, the Lotus is associated with the sun, because it bloomed by day and closed by night. The Lotus is even believed to have given birth to the sun.
Lotus is the symbol of wealth, gift or buy to bring luck
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redcarnation
11.RED CARNATION
The national flower of Spain.Scientifically known as Dianthus caryophyllus is historically, rich, meaningful flower choice.The word Dianthus means flower of love or flower of god.
The flower is thought to be originally from the Mediterranean area of the world. The name of the flower is believed by some to be originated from the word “corone” which mean floral garland.

It is sometimes also referred to as “dianthus” (dios= god Zeus and anthos= flower), a scientific name given by the Greek botanist Theopharastus. Carnations are thus “The Flowers of God”. The ancient Greeks and Romans cultivated these flowers specifically for decorative purposes like for use in garlands, wreaths and other decor projects. In ancient Rome this flower were known as “Jove’s Flower” as a tribute to one of their beloved gods.
 According to Christian legend, these flowers appeared on earth from Mary’s tear at Jesus’s carrying of the cross.Some species of carnation are highly fragrant. Carnations are exotic to Australia, but have been commercially grown as a flower crop since 1954.
Carnation is a perennial plant that comes in many colors including yellow, purple, mauve, maroon, red, peach, pink and white,Carnation flower, scientific name Dianthus caryophyllus, is taxonomically classified under family Caryophyllaceae of the order Caryophyllales.
 A herbaceous perennial plant, carnation can grow to a height of about 80 cm from the ground. Flowers are sweetly scented and bloom singly or in groups of 3 - 5 together. The petals may be arranged in a single or overlapping manner.
The traditional meaning of carnation is admiration, love and fascination. Nevertheless, different colors of carnation are associated with varied meanings. For example; a white carnation expresses good luck, a pink carnation denotes a mother's love or reminiscence, and a red carnation portrays passion. Striped carnation, on the other hand, are used to send refusal message
Red carnation is a flowers
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dahlia
12.DAHLIA
Dahlia is the national flower of  Mexico and is referred as the valley flower.
Dahlia pinnata is the national flower of Mexico. Dahlias originated from the mountainous regions of Mexico and Central America and Colombia. Dahlia pinnata is a genus of bushy, summer and autumn flowering plant. Dahlia pinnata flowers are species having tuberous roots and showy rayed variously colored flower heads.
        Dahlias originated in mountainous areas of Mexico. A Swedish botanist discovered the flowers. Nowadays, there are almost 2,000 varieties of dahlias, many of which have been bred for their aesthetic characteristics.
Pronounced DAY-lee-a, dahlias were first recorded by Westerners in 1615, when they were called by their Mexican name, acoctli. Dahlia, in botanical terms, is a Mexican genus of perennial garden composites with large brightly coloured flowers and tuberous roots. The name of this flower or plant originates from the name of the Swedish botanist Andreas Daul (1751-89). The flower, available in an assorted range of colours is a gardener’s favourite, and is popularly attached with notions of dignity, elegance and good taste
The native forms are quite simple and daisy-like, but breeding has resulted in some wonderful flower forms, including complete globes full of petals (pompoms), spiky and spidery forms (cactuses), and ones with curled tubes of petals like sea anemones. Dahlias and chrysanthemums with many-petalled flowers are closely related and often hard to tell apart. Dahlias have hollow stems, with raised joints where the leaves attach. Their leaves are smooth, usually with points, whereas chrysanthemum leaves are soft, with rounded edges.
Dahlia's are a summer flower, and are available between June and October. The National Collection of dahlias is held at Varfell Farm, Long Rock, Penzance,
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Mugungwha
13.ROSE OF SHARON
Hibiscus syriacus is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, native to much of Asia (though not, as Linnaeus thought, Syria, in spite of the name he gave it). Common names include Rose of Sharon (especially in North America), rose mallow (United Kingdom) and St Joseph's rod (Italy).The Hibiscus syriacus also know as Rose of Sharon is the National Flower of South Korea. It is called Mugunghwa in Korean. The name comes from Mugung which means immortality. The flower is also the National Emblem of South Korea that appears on many official documents.
Every year from July to October the Mugunghwa blossoms in Korea and you can see it everywhere. Koreans have a strong love for this flower and a reference is written into the national anthem of South Korea.
 The flower was first referenced in text in Korea over 1,400 years ago.The first record of the Rose of Sharon (mugunghwa) grown in Korea is mentioned in an article produced 1,400 years ago. A mythological fiction, Xuanzhongji (Hanja), written in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (Hanja) of China mentions, "The Land of Wisemen is spread for 1,000 li where mugungwha flowers bloom plentifully. The name "mugungwha" was first used by the poet Lee Gyu-bo (1168 – 1241) of Goryeo Dynasty.
ibiscus is a diverse genus made up of roughly 220 species of annuals, herbaceous perennials, shrubs, subshrubs, and trees. Hibiscus have been cultivated for centuries. The name 'Hibiscus' comes from hibiskos, the old Greek name for the common marsh mallow. The most commonly grown species is Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, which means China Rose.
  Hibiscus are large, flat, conspicuous, trumpet-shaped flowers. Hiscus flowers have five petals, ranging from white to pink, red, purple or yellow. The Hisbiscus petals range in size from 4-15 cm broad.    Hibiscus are native to the tropical region of Asia, and tend to grow in wet or swampy areas. Hibiscus is a large genus of about 200-220 species of flowering plants.
    Many plants of this family are useful ornamentally, while some are also sources of fiber, food, and medicine.Hibiscus tea is caffeine free, with a unique, delicious taste. It is distinctive, vibrant, with a natural color, and is rich in Vitamin C. Hibiscus tea has a pleasant fragrance, and is known to be a natural body refrigerant in North Africa. The Egyptians believed that tea made with red hibiscus flowers and sepals could induce licentious cravings in women. As a result, for many centuries Egyptian women were forbidden to drink Hibiscus tea.
   The most popular and conspicuous use for hibiscus flowers is decorative, with other uses being for cooking in herbal teas, and for garnishing.
There is a saying" In Korea, everything will be about Korea". Show your  spirit of Korea with these Korean national flower
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glodenwattle flower
14.GOLDEN WATTLE FLOWER
The national flower of Australia,(acacia pycantha) it is a tree which flowers in late winter and spring producing a mass of  fragrant fluffy,golden flowers.
Golden Wattle (Acacia pycnantha) is Australia's national flower. The Golden Wattle blooms in spring, - beginning September - in Australia, with large fluffy, yellow, sweet smelling flower heads.The Golden Wattle tree, is a shrub of about 4-8 metres. The shrubs and trees genus, Acacia comes from the Pea Family (Fabaceae) and is originally Gondwanian. About 1300 species of Acacia abound worldwide, with about 950 of them being native to Australia. The Golden Wattle features prominently on the Australian coat of arms.
The tiny Golden Wattle flowers have five very small petals, almost hidden by the long stamens, and are arranged in dense rounded or elongated clusters. The Golden Wattle flowers are yellow in most species, whitish in some, and are widely cultivated as ornamentals. In Australia, Acacias are called Wattles as they were believed to have been used by the early settlers to make the wattle and daub houses. Even several years old Golden Wattle seeds germinate, provided the outer covering of the seed is sufficiently abraded for water to penetrate.
The largest Golden wattle is the Blackwood Wattle (Arcacias melanoxylon), which is found within the eastern and southern parts of Australia.
 Golden Wattle occurs in south-eastern Australia from South Australia’s southern Eyre Peninsula into western Victoria and northwards into inland areas of southern New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory.
Golden Wattle has been grown in temperate regions around the world for the tannin in its bark, which provides the highest yield of all the wattles. The scented flowers have been utilised for perfume making.
The Golden Wattle (Acacia pycnantha) is now the official floral emblem of Australia, wattle blossoms are to be found on the Australian Coat of Arms, and the Order of Australia is in the shape of a single wattle blossom. Australian Olympic athletes wear wattle inspired green and gold uniforms
pycnantha: this botanical name is derived from the Greek pycnos (meaning close, thick, crowded) and anthos (flower). It alludes to the compact flower heads that characteristically contain many densely-arranged flowers.
The common name Golden Wattle due to an account of its distinctive bright golden blossoms, Other common names that have in the past been applied to this species include Broad-leaved Wattle (South Australia), Green Wattle, Black Wattle (now the Standard  Name for A. mearnsii) and Witch (Aborigines of Lake Hindmarsh Station, Victoria).
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Maple flower
15.MAPLE FLOWER
The flower or leaf of maple tree is the national flower of Canada.The flowers are usually red ,green, and yellow in colour which flowers in late winter and spring.
The scientific name of sugar maple is Acer saccharummaple trees are found in almost all places in the United States.It grows in abundance throughout South Ontario, Nova Scotia, New England, Texas, Georgia, Canada, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Mid-Atlantic states
The normal height of  maple trees ranges between 70 to 100 feet. The trees have an average diameter of 5 feet. The trees when grown under optimal condition can even exceed the height of 100 feet. During the initial years of its growth the bark appears dark gray in color but matured trees have a very rough textured dark brown colored bark
 Sugar maple has singlet leaves that are dark green in color. The undersurface of the leaves are comparatively less dark. The size of the leaves lengthwise is 3-5 inches and they are very smooth. The buds are arranged on the twigs in an opposite fashion and are pointed sharp, appearing brown in color. The color of the flowers ranges from pale yellow to greenish yellow and they are arranged in clusters. The plant is monoecious containing both male and female reproductive organs. The male flower is pistillate while the female is staminate.
 The tree normally flourishes during the month of January within temperatures ranging from 0 to 50 °F. Sugar maple is also adapted to summer temperatures prevalent in those geographical locations. It can tolerate summer temperatures of 90 to 100 °F.
 Sap products such as maple sugar, maple syrup and maple candies constitute the best-known sugar maple products. As a hardwood, this tree is also well suited to producing musical instruments, furniture and wooden household objects like rolling pins.
All maples are deciduous, losing their leaves at some point during the year, usually in the cooler temperatures of fall or winter. Their flat, broad leaves are always arranged in opposite pairs on the twigs and they have obvious pointed lobes and can have further large teeth to make them look more ornate.
The Leaf of Maple is an official symbol of Canada. Particularly, the maple leaf, as a Canadian symbol, was first used in early 18th century and till now is depicted on its current and previous flags, the penny, and on the coat of arm.
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tulip
16.TULIP
Tulip is the national flower of   Netherland it belong to liliaceae and are spring blooming perennials.To mark the occassion tulip festivals are celebrated in spring.
 Tulips, tulip fields and flower bulbs are typically Dutch. Yet, tulips do not originate from the Netherlands. The first tulip bulbs were imported from Turkey to the Netherlands, where they proved to grow extremely well on Dutch soil.
Tulip is a flower in the genus Tulipa, which comprises of about 150 bulbous species.
The colorful and attractive tulip flowers consist of three petals and three sepals. There are also six petaloid tepals, which are marked with darker markings near the base of the flower.Tulip flowers generally have 2-6 leaves; however some species have up to 12 leaves.
Usually, tulips have one flower per stem, but a few species have up to 4 flowers in a single stem.Tulips come in a wide range of vibrant colors, like red, yellow, orange, purple, pink and many more.
The average height of a tulip plant ranges from 10-70 centimeters.Tulips are accessible within November to May and they have a life span of 3-7 days.
Tulips originate from mountainous areas enjoying temperate climates. They are best grown in climates having a long, cool spring and early summers.Tulips grow wild over a great province from Asia Minor through Siberia to China.
The Turks of the Ottoman Empire cultivated and hybridized Tulips first. Europe believed Tulips as the symbol of the Ottoman Empire historically.The vibrant tulip flowers are one of the most popular spring flowers of all time.
  Tulip plant has been cultivated for as much as 500 years. Tulips are the third most popular flowers world-wide after that only to the Rose and Chrysanthemum. These vibrant flowers are available in an unbelievable variety of colors, heights, and flower shapes. Some Tulips are even odorous.
The word tulip, which earlier appeared in English in forms such as tulipa or tulipant, entered the language by way of French: tulipe and its obsolete form tulipan or by way of Modern Latin tulīpa, from Ottoman Turkish tülbend ("muslin" or "gauze"), and is ultimately derived from the Persian:delband ("Turban"), this name being applied because of a perceived resemblance of the shape of a tulip flower to that of a turban.
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Melati
moonorchid
   
rafflesia
 17.MELATI, MOON ORCHID,RAFFLESIA All these three flowers are national flowers of Indonesia.Melati is a type of jasmine, the one of the most important wedding flower of Indonesia, especially in the Islands of java.The Rafflesia is said to be queen of parasites and biggest flower on earth.
The government of Indonesia officially declared Moon Orchid (Phalaenopsis Amabilis), Melati (Jasminum Sambac) and Rafflesia (Rafflesia Arnoldi Indonesia), as the national flowers of the country.
Each of the flowers is blessed with its own qualities-The Moon Orchid is one of the longest blooming orchids, where as Jasminum Sambac which symbolizes the beauty of a girl, is commonly used in religious or cultural ceremony especially in Java and Bali and on the other hand Rafflesia is noted for producing the largest individual flower on earth.
Jasminum Sambac is a species of jasmine native to southern Asia, in India, Philippines, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Common names include Arabian Jasmine, Mogra (Hindi), Kampupot, Melati (Malay and Indonesian Language), Sampaguita (Tagalog), and Mallipu (Tamil).It is an evergreen vine or shrub reaching up to 1-3 m tall. The leaves are opposite or in whorls of three, simple (not pinnate, like most other jasmines), ovate, 4-12.5 cm long and 2-7.5 cm broad. The flowers are produced in clusters of 3-12 together, strongly scented, with a white corolla 2-3 cm diameter with 5-9 lobes.
In Indonesia, the flower symbolizes purity, eternal love and nobility. It also symbolizes the beauty of a girl. The flower is commonly used in religious or cultural ceremony especially in Java and Bali. It is nicknamed puspa bangsa (nation flower or people flower) by the government.
Rafflesia arnoldii is a member of the genus Rafflesia. It is noted for producing the largest individual flower on earth. It occurs only in the rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo in the Indonesia Rafflesia grow in the jungles of southeast Asia, many of them threatened or endangered. Rafflesia arnoldii is the largest; its flower attains a diameter of nearly a meter (3 ft) and can weigh up to 11 kilograms (24 lb).It lives as a parasite on the Tetrastigma vine, as its host, which grows only in primary (undisturbed) rainforests. While many parasites appear like normal plants, Rafflesia lacks any observable leaves, roots, or even stems.
Phalaenopsis amabilis (Moon Orchid)EnlargePhalaenopsis amabilis (Moon Orchid)Most are epiphytic shade plants; a few are lithophytes. In the wild they are typically found below the canopies of moist and humid lowland forests, protected against direct sunlight, but equally in seasonally dry or cool environments. The species have adapted individually to these three habitats.Phalaenopsis shows a monopodial growth habit. An erect growing rhizome produces from the top one or two alternate, thick and fleshy, elleptical leaves a year. The older, basal leaves drop off at the same rate. The plant retains in this way four to five leaves a year.
Jasmine symbolizes purity and sincerity,gift your wife with these wonderful flower designs
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edelweiss
18.EDELWEISS
Edelweiss is the national flower of Switzerland.The lion's foot is the originally a plant of steppe of Asia.
Of all the Edelweiss (Edelweiss) varieties and those close relatives in the North American Antennaria family, Leontopodium alpinum is the most beautiful and sought after in the World.
Leontopodium or Lions foot, is originally a plant of the Steppe of Asia. Found there in more than 30 forms, it is well adapted to climatic extremes. Its deep fibrous roots and the felt like covering of its leaves protect it from drought, the ravages of winds and the potentially damaging sun shine.
 Leaves and flowers are covered with white hairs and appear woolly (tomentose). Flowering stalks of Edelweiss can grow to a size of 3–20 cm (in cultivation, up to 40 cm). Each flower consists of five to six small yellow flower heads (5 mm) surrounded by leaflets in star form with about 10–12 petals, arranged in a circle. If you look under a microscope or magnifying glass, you will notice that they are covered with silvery hairs (trihomi), which are so twisted and plaited that mask the green color of leaves. These hairs are dead cells with cell gaps and air when the light is reflected from them, seem silvery white. The flowers are in bloom between July and September.
Edelweiss grows in inaccessible places in the high areas of 2000–2900 m altitude. There are 30 forms of Edelweiss. It can be found all over the world in high, cool mountain areas, but is most often seen in Germany, Italy, Austria, and Switzerland. It prefers to grow in high altitude, from 1700 to 2700 meters.
The Edelweiss will flower year after year but must reseed itself. Continuous picking of the flowers from the same plant will cause it to die off.
Royalty in Europe often used a picture of the plant in their coat of arms, hence the term lion's foot. (A lion is associated with royalty because of its power and grace.)
 The symbolic meanings of the edelweiss flower are daring, courage and noble purity. These meanings are derived from the plant’s ability to grow in harsh mountain climates and from its pure white coloring.
Edelweiss is full of anti-oxidants, and other compounds that are said to help in the ageing process. It is also used in sun block, moisturizer, and anti diarrhea medications. It is even being hailed in the scientific world as a natural medication to help with vascular problems.
    The edelweiss has had cultural significance to military operations in the Alps. In 1907, the Austrian-Hungarian Army made the edelweiss the symbol of its Alpine divisions. A metal badge depicted the flower on soldiers' caps. During World War II, German soldiers stationed in the Alps sought edelweiss to wear on their uniforms. Edelweiss was considered a symbol of bravery because it was dangerous and difficult to climb up to the high, craggy areas where the flowers grew to obtain them.
In olden days people climbed steep mountains to get this flower to show their bravery and love. without those hardships show your love with items with these flower
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cornpoppy
19.CORN POPPY.
Corn poppy is also called  field poppy or Flanders poppy (papava rhoeas) is the national flower of Poland.
The national flower of Poland is corn poppy (Papaver Rhoeas) or red poppy. It is a flower that has vivid red four petals, most commonly with a black spot at their base. In the northern hemisphere, it is a variable annual plant and generally flowers in late spring.
The poppy flower can also symbolize beauty, fertility and eternal life. It was a funeral flower for the ancient Egyptians and used as a shrine flower by the Greeks.
A red poppy denotes pleasure, a white poppy is used to console and a yellow poppy can signify wealth and success.
 The field poppy, Papaver rhoeas, is synonymous with the trenches of Flanders and remembrance of the fallen.
It has become a symbol of tribute to British and Commonwealth men and women who have died in conflicts around the world.
The Royal Horticultural Society’s (RHS) science and advisory team have discovered some interesting facts about the field poppy.
The species name, rhoeas, comes from the Greek. Mecon rhoias is mentioned in Theophrastus’ Historia Plantarum (c. 300 BC).
 According to Galen (a Roman medical writer in the 1st century AD) the name alludes to the quickness with which the petals fall. The Celts used to call field poppies ‘thunder flowers’ because they believed they would open just before a thunderstorm.
Poppy seeds can lay dormant for hundreds of years.
 Field poppies can be picked but to last in a vase they need to have their stem bottoms seared with a naked flame. Their sap is milky like the Opium.
 Papaver rhoeas, has been considered poisonous due to the presence of the alkaloid rhoedine, although it can be eaten in small quantities in salads or made into soup with no ill effect.
According to A Modern Herbal by Mrs M. Grieve (1931), field poppy seeds were used in Flanders and several parts of Germany to create a substitute for olive oil.
Wild poppies can be attacked by blackfly but otherwise they are a relatively pest-free plants.
 Field poppies are an excellent pollen source for foraging honey and bumble bees.
A bright flower to lift up your spirit, see how can you have this favorite flower of yours on different items?
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redpoppy
20.REDPOPPY
The red poppy are the national flower of Belgium.
The national flower is the red poppy. The reason why is that in World War one between the German & Allied armies there were strips of land (Flanders, Belgium) known as "No Mans Land" and the only thing that was able to survive on this land was the poppy .
    The red poppy is native to Europe. It is common to see red poppies growing in agricultural fields and it is sometimes confused with actual crops.
    The red poppy is a variable annual and grows in the spring time. If the weather is warm enough red poppies can spring up during the fall season.
    The red poppy became a symbol for fallen soldiers sometime around World War I and is popular on Remembrance Day. The red poppy has also been popularized in song and poem. John McCrae wrote about the red poppy in the poem "In Flanders Fields" and the red poppy is referred to in the Polis war song "Czerwone maki na Monte Cassino."
    The red poppy has potential to become a crop and its seeds are used to make bread dough, decorate bread and used to make syrups.
    The American Legion uses the red poppy as an official symbol and has adopted it as the organization's memorial flower.

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linnea
21.LINNEA
Linnea is the national flower of Sweden.Linnea burealis is commonly known as the twin flower from its appearance was a favorite  of Carl  Linnaeus founder of the modern system of binomial  nomenclature for whom it was named after.
Linnea (Linnea Borealis)     The flowers are pink, bell-like, very fragrant and grow in pairs. Linnea Borealis or Twinflower is the national flower of Sweden. Named after Linnaeus (the Swedish 'father of taxonomy'), Linnea is a very delicate wild plant - just about 1 in. high - growing in the deep shadow of Northern spruce forests. The plant has two flowers on top of each very thin stem. Foliage is in the form of creeping runners growing in deep moss.  The plant's shallow roots and creeping low stems prefer the open shade of pine woods. The twinflower prefers cooler temperatures of the northern regions. It has an intoxicating sweet fragrance.
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Bergfrue or saxifrage
22.BERGFRUE
Bergfrue is the national flower of Norway , it is  a species of edible plant that is very commonly found all over the Arctic and Alps.
Saxifraga cotyledon, the pyramidal saxifrage, occurs in the mountains of Europe and has rosettes about 20 centimetres (8 in) across of tongue-shaped leaves, beaded but not toothed. In May or June the tall panicles of white flowers, branched and pyramidal in outline, may reach 60 cm (24 in). It is one of Norway's two national flowers (chosen in 1935).
Be proud to be a Norwagien with these items
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orchid
23.ORCHID
Orchid is the national flower of Venezuela, it is also known as Easter orchid or flor de maya,can be found in purple,pink or red.It blooms in the April and may and was declared as Venezuela's national flower in the year of 1951.


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edelweiss
24.EDELWEISS.
Edelweiss is the national flower of Austria.In german edel means noble and weiss means white.


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turkey tulip
25.TURKEY TULIP
It is national flower of Turkey,festivals are celebrated during the blooming period of tulips.There is a period of time, they called  it as tulip era to mark there was abundance of  blooming of tulip at  that time.




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reference links: www:wikipedia.com
 www.ehow.com,
www.theflowerexpert.com
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